Corn is a crop used mainly for food, economics and feed. Corn straw is also an important production resource for industrial and agricultural production. As a resource, corn stover is rich in nutrients and available chemical components and can be used as raw material for livestock feed.
For a long time, corn stalks have been one of the main roughage raw materials for livestock. Relevant test results show that corn straw contains more than 3% of carbohydrates, ~3% of protein and... The fat can be siled or fed directly.
As far as herbivores are concerned, the net weight gain of corn stalks is equivalent to that of corn kernels, especially after silage, yellow silage, ammoniation and saccharification, etc., the utilization rate and benefits can be improved. The competition will be even more impressive. According to research and analysis, the digestible energy contained in corn straw
is. /, and it is rich in nutrients and its total energy is equivalent to that of pasture. Fine processing of corn stalks to produce highly nutritious livestock feed is not only conducive to the development of animal husbandry, but also has good ecological and economic benefits by returning the stalks to the fields.
Corn straw feed processing technology is a technology that uses mechanical engineering, biology, chemistry and other technical means to complete the harvesting of corn straw, feed processing, storage, transportation, feeding and other processes. In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's animal husbandry industry, new technologies for straw feed processing
have also emerged one after another. In addition to being directly fed as feed, corn stalks are now being promoted and applied in a variety of physical, chemical, biological and other processing technologies in practice, achieving centralized and large-scale processing and opening up new ways of utilizing feed.
Corn straw silage processing technology
It is a biological treatment technology and is the main way to utilize corn straw as feed. This technology is to harvest mature corn through silage
The machine can chop and collect the straw at one time or manually harvest it and then crush the green corn straw until it is long, so that the moisture content is
and then store it. Compacted and sealed storage in cellars, tanks, towers, pools and plastic bags, artificially creates an anaerobic environment, and naturally utilizes anaerobic fermentation of lactic acid bacteria to produce lactic acid, which stops most microorganisms from multiplying, and lactic acid bacteria due to lactic acid
The continuous accumulation of silage is finally controlled by the lactic acid produced by itself and the growth is stopped, so as to maintain the nutrition of green straw and make the silage have a slight fruity aroma, which is preferred by livestock.
Corn straw micro-storage processing technology
This is also a biological treatment method. The corn straw is cut into short lengths, and the length is suitable for raising cattle and sheep. However, it needs to be crushed for raising pigs
so that it is easy to crush. Realize and improve the utilization rate of micro storage cellars and ensure the production quality of storage materials. The container can be a cement cellar or earth cellar similar to silage or ammoniation, with a layer of plastic film spread at the bottom and around it. For small batch production, cylinders, plastic bags, large barrels, etc. can be used. The moisture content of the straw is controlled at
and the Yijiayi microbial straw fermentation agent is added to the straw to make the corn straw fermented into feed with a sour, fragrant and winey taste that livestock likes to eat. Micro-storage is a method that uses microorganisms to degrade and convert cellulose and hemicellulose in corn straw into bacterial protein. It is also the trend of crude fiber utilization in the future.
Corn straw yellow storage processing technology
This is a method of using microorganisms to treat dry corn straw. Crush the corn straw to ~, put it into a jar, add an appropriate amount of Yijiayi straw
straw starter and ferment it for about 3 days. Livestock do not like to eat dry straw, and the utilization rate is not high. After yellow storage, it becomes sour, sweet, crisp, and soft
Livestock like to eat it, and the utilization rate can be increased to -.
Corn straw ammoniation processing technology
Ammoniation is the most practical chemical treatment method. First cut the straw into ~3 lengths, adjust the moisture content of the straw to about 3, press
Use urea or urea for the straw. Dissolve ammonium bicarbonate in ~3% water and stir evenly to prepare a urea or ammonium carbonate aqueous solution, or add ~3% ammonia water per roughage. Compact in layers, spray ammoniating agent layer by layer, and finally seal tightly
. After ammoniation at ℃ 3℃, it can be opened and the ammonia gas can be volatilized before feeding. Ammoniated straw feed is commonly produced by stacking method and ammoniated
furnace method. Ammoniated corn straw can improve the digestibility of crude fiber, increase crude protein, and contains a large amount of amine salts, which are a good source of nutrition for the gastric microorganisms of cattle and sheep ruminants. Ammonia itself is an alkalizing agent, which can improve the utilization rate of crude fiber and increase nitrogen. Feeding cattle and sheep after ammoniation of corn straw can not only reduce the consumption of concentrated feed, but also speed up the weight gain of cattle and sheep.
Corn straw alkalization processing technology
This is also a chemical treatment method. Alkalizing corn straw with alkaline compounds can open the
alkali-labile esters in its cell molecules. It bonds and expands the fiber, which facilitates the penetration of gastric juice in livestock and improves the digestibility and feed intake of livestock.
Alkalization treatment mainly includes sodium hydroxide treatment, liquid nitrogen treatment, urea treatment and lime treatment. Take lime treatment, which has a wide source and low price, as an example. Add quicklime to water and stir continuously until it is clarified. Then take the supernatant and stir it evenly in the tank according to the ratio of solution to feed. Then compact slightly. In summer, when the temperature is high, it usually only takes 3 days to feed, and in winter, it usually only takes 3 days. The current development
is a composite chemical treatment, which combines the advantages of both alkalization and ammoniation.
Acid storage and processing technology of corn straw
Acid storage is also a chemical treatment method. Spray some acidic substance on the storage material, or mix an appropriate amount of phosphoric acid into the green fodder for storage, and then add a little Glauber's salt. , can add sulfur-containing compounds to the feed, help increase the vitality of lactic acid bacteria, improve feed nutrition, and resist
the invasion of miscellaneous bacteria. This method is simple and easy to implement, can effectively resist secondary fermentation, and is easier to retrieve. This method is more suitable for yellow storage.
It can properly soften the dry straw, increase the taste and improve digestibility.
Corn straw briquetting processing technology
The feed briquetting machine is used to press the straw into high-density cakes. The compression can reach:, which can greatly reduce the transportation and storage space
. If used in conjunction with drying equipment, fresh corn stalks can be pressed to ensure that their nutritional content remains unchanged and to prevent mildew. At present, it is also possible to add a conversion agent and then compress, using the temperature and pressure generated during compression to ammonify, alkalize, and mature the straw to increase its crude protein content and digestibility. Corn stalks become block feed with a cross-section and length of ~
and a density of up to. ． /3, easy to transport and store, suitable for company plus farmer model, low production cost.
Corn straw powder processing technology
Corn straw is crushed into grass powder, which is fed to cattle and sheep after fermentation. It is used as feed to replace green hay, adjust the surplus in the off-peak and peak seasons, and has a better feeding effect
good. Any corn stalks that are not moldy and have a moisture content of no more than 10% can be used as raw materials for crushing. Use a hammer crusher to crush the stalks during production. The straw powder should not be too fine. It is generally long ~ and 3 inches wide. If it is too fine, it will not be easy to ruminate. Mix the crushed corn straw powder and leguminous grass powder in a proportion of . The entire fermentation time is. , the fermented grass meal is added with bone meal, and mixed with corn flour, wheat bran, etc., and after thorough mixing, the grass meal fermented mixed feed is made.
Corn straw puffing processing technology
This is a physical and biochemical composite processing method. Its mechanism is to use screw extrusion to send corn stalks into the extruder. The screw
spirally pushes the material to form a shaft. At the same time, due to the mechanical friction between the spiral and the material, the material and the barrel, and the inside of the material, the material is strongly squeezed, stirred, and sheared, so that the material is refined and homogenized. As the pressure increases, the temperature increases accordingly. Under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure, and high shear force, the physical properties of the material change from powder to paste. When the pasty material is ejected from the
die hole, under the action of a strong pressure difference, the material is expanded, loses water, and cools down, producing a loose, porous, and crisp puffed product, which is relatively Good palatability and flavor are liked by livestock. From the perspective of biochemical process, the maximum temperature during extrusion and puffing can reach 3℃~℃. It can not only kill germs, microorganisms and insect eggs, improve hygiene indicators, but also inactivate various harmful factors, improve feed quality, eliminate various harmful factors that contribute to material deterioration, and extend the shelf life. Corn straw thermal spray feed processing technology is a similar compound processing method. The difference is that the straw is loaded into the thermal spray device and supersaturated water
steam is passed inward. After a certain period of time, The straw is subjected to high temperature and high pressure treatment, and then the pressure is suddenly reduced, causing the treated straw to be ejected into the atmosphere, thus changing its structure and certain chemical components and improving the nutritional value of the straw feed. The expanded and thermal sprayed straw
can be fed directly to livestock or can be briquetted.
Corn straw pellet feed processing technology
Corn straw is dried and crushed, then additives are added and mixed well, and then processed into pellet
feed by extrusion by the grinding plate and pressure wheel in the pellet feed machine. Due to the friction and heating during the processing, the internal maturity of the straw is deep and transparent. The processed feed particles have a smooth surface, moderate hardness and consistent size. The diameter of the particles can be adjusted between 3 and 3 as needed. A complete set of pellet feed equipment can also be used to automatically complete the straw crushing, lifting, stirring and feeding functions, add various additives at any time, fully closed production, and a high degree of automation
High, small and medium-sized corn straw pellets Feed processing companies should use this technology. In addition, there is a complete set of straw concentrate feed processing and production technology suitable for large-scale feed production enterprises, with a higher level of automation control.
Business scope of Yijiayi Bioengineering Co., Ltd.: Straw starter, feed starter, feces starter, fermentation bed strains
, strains, aquatic strains, planting strains, etc. and bacterial liquids
Yijiayi straw fermentation bacteria corn straw pellet feed processing technology